托福备考经验中总结,副词是托福考试中非常活跃的词类。它与形容词一样,是词类变化题型必考的词性。一般说来,有关副词的题目并不很难。所以托福备考中一定要复习到保证不失分。绝大部分考的是副词词性的判断。
副词常考题型及解题要点
1、副词与形容词的功能区别
形容词修饰名词;副词修饰除名词以外的所有词性及句子成分
例1:The ordeal of the Cherokee Indians,who were forcible moved from their homeland in the 1830*s,is remembered as the *Tears*. (91.10)
答案:B 修饰动词moved应用副词forcibly。
例2:Although the United States experienced rapidly growth in the first half of the nincieenth century, it was still predominately concerned with agriculture and forestry. (93.10)
答案:A 修饰名词growth应用形容词rapid,而不用副词rapidly。 此题是TOEEL常考类型题。请注意以-ly后缀构成的副词通常是命题焦点。
2、否定词not与形容词no的区别
解题要点:区分副词not和形容词no的命题是TOEEL常考的题型,主要分布在structure (1-15题)中。当not或no出现在选择答案中,应首先判断它所修饰的中心词的词性以决定选哪一个否定词。
全真例分析
(1)Since Alaska attained statehood in 1959____single party has dominated politics there.
(A)none
(B)no
(C)not
(D)never (94.1)
答案:B 修饰中心名词party应用形容词no,而非副词not。
(2)____social crusade aroused Elizabeth Williams enthusiasm more than the expansion of the United States.
(A)No
(B)Nothing
(C)Not
(D)None (91.10)
答案:修饰主语名词crusade 应用形容词no. 而非副词not。
(3)____all rainwater falling from a cloud reaches the ground, some of it is lost through evaporation.
(A)Nowhere
(B)Not
(C)No
(D)None (91.8)
答案:B 修饰形容词all应用否定副词not。Not all (不是所有的)是固定短语搭配,表示的是部分否定,not all = sosme。
(4)The mechanism by which brain cells store memories is____clearly understood.
(A)none
(B)no
(C)not
(D)nor (90.5)
答案:C 否定系词is,应用副词not。
3、辨别词形相近的副词和形容词
hare (努力、副词) hardly (几乎不、副词)
close (接近、形容词) closely (接近、副词)
near (接近、形容词) nearly (几乎、副词)
most (大多数的、形容词) mostly(主要地、副词)
late (迟、晚、形容词) lately(最近、副词)
以上托福备考中,总结到的题型主要有:(1)副词与形容词混淆(详见本忆要点之词类变化)(2)否定副词Not 的用法(3)易混淆的副词。这三项是副词的考点,遇到副词题及时分辨,大家可以联想以上例子,迅速拿下副词题。